Association between Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Risk of Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
A recent systematic review and meta-analysis published in BMC Gastroenterology examined the association between the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and the risk of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). The study analyzed data from multiple observational studies and included a total of over 300,000 participants. The findings revealed a significant association between PPI use and an increased risk of CDI. Individuals using PPIs were found to have a 1.75-fold higher risk of developing CDI compared to non-users. The results remained consistent across various subgroups and sensitivity analyses. This study provides important insights into the potential link between proton pump inhibitor use and CDI, emphasizing the need for cautious prescribing and monitoring of PPIs. As PPIs are commonly prescribed medications for acid-related disorders, healthcare providers should weigh the risks and benefits when considering PPI therapy for patients. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and explore preventive strategies for reducing the risk of CDI associated with PPI use.