The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of moderate hypercapnia with normocapnia on neurological outcomes and mortality in persons who had gone into a coma following an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Over 1,700 patients from 63 ICUs were randomly allocated to one of two groups for 24 hours: moderate hypercapnia (goal CO2 level of 50 to 55 mm Hg) or normocapnia (target CO2 level of 35 to 45 mm Hg). A good neurological condition at 6 months was achieved by approximately 43.5% of patients in the moderate hypercapnia group and 44.6% of patients in the normocapnia group. In terms of 6-month mortality, the moderate hypercapnia group had 48.2%, while the normocapnia group had 45.9%. The occurrence of adverse events was comparable in both groups.

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