In a breakthrough discovery, researchers have identified the main cause of cognitive decline that occurs naturally with aging. The misregulation of a crucial brain protein called CaMKII has been linked to this decline, affecting memory and learning abilities. One of the contributing factors is the decrease in S-nitrosylation, a process that modifies specific brain proteins, including CaMKII. This impairment leads to a decline in memory and learning capacity as we age. The findings offer promising insights into potential pharmacological strategies to restore normal protein nitrosylation levels, ultimately combating age-related cognitive decline.

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