Alopecia areata (AA) causes nonscarring alopecia thru an autoimmune mechanism focused on the hair follicles. The estimated lifetime prevalence of AA is around 2%, without a distinction in incidence among genders. AA has an unpredictable course, with 34–50% of patients recovering within 1 year, and 14–25% of patients progressing to alopecia totalis (AT) or alopecia universalis (AU). Approximately 24.2% of patients with AT and/or AU reported hair regrowth ≥90% over 10 years. Poor prognostic factors consist of the onset of AA at a more youthful age, family records of AA, records of atopy, ophiasis type, nail dystrophy, substantial hair loss, or the presence of other autoimmune diseases. Platelet-rich plasma can be used for alopecia.

Treatment of AA is challenging, and hair loss may be remit naturally. Even though spontaneous hair regrowth might also additionally take months to years. Traditional therapeutic modalities consist of corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, topical immunotherapy, and mild therapy. Several new remedies are under investigation, such as IL-2 agonist, IL-17 inhibitors, abatacept, Jak inhibitors, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP).

Platelet-rich plasma includes over 20 growth elements secreted through excessive concentration of platelets. Hair regrowth is stimulated through those growth elements, which consist of PGDF, VEGF, TGF, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), connective tissue growth factor, EGF, and IGF-1. These growth elements bind to the corresponding receptors expressed through stem cells in the hair follicle bulge and surrounding tissues. Ligand binding stimulates the proliferation phase of the hair follicle, giving rise to the anagen follicular unit and promoting hair boom. In addition, the growth elements in platelet-rich plasma provoke pathways, which cause angiogenesis and the improvement of adnexal structures. Anagen-associated angiogenesis has been connected to VEGF secreted through keratinocytes located in the outer root sheath and fibroblasts of the dermal papilla. The most important aspect impact became ache because of PRP injection, which disappeared after finishing the remedy and handiest one article stated extra critical aspect effects. Recurrence after remedy became additionally stated in the handiest one article. PRP is a secure and smooth approach for treating hair loss and has confined unfavorable effects. Optimization of this approach relies upon dosage, a variety of classes and their intervals, and injection techniques. According to the results, using PRP because of its quite excessive efficiency, low and tolerable aspect effects, and coffee recurrence charge may be an amazing approach for the remedy of alopecia and hair loss.